Angular Limb Deformity (ALD) is a developmental condition where a limb grows with an abnormal angle or curve, usually affecting the front legs (radius and ulna) but sometimes involving the hind limbs. It can lead to visible limb bowing, joint misalignment, discomfort, and altered movement. ALDs are seen in both dogs and cats but are especially common in fast-growing puppies of medium to large breeds

• Premature growth plate closure: Trauma or genetic factors can cause one bone in a paired limb (like the ulna and radius) to stop growing too early, causing the limb to curve.
• Genetics and conformation: Certain breeds (e.g. Dachshunds, Bulldogs, and other chondrodystrophic breeds) are more prone due to naturally short, curved bones.
• Nutritional imbalances: Diets too high in calories or calcium during growth can contribute to abnormal bone development.
• Injury in young animals: Damage to a growth plate during development can lead to uneven growth and angulation of the limb.

• Noticeable bowing or twisting of the leg
• Lameness or limping, especially after exercise
• Joint stiffness or reluctance to jump or run
• Uneven wear on paw pads or altered gait
• Pain or swelling around the joints in more advanced cases

• Physical Examination & Orthopaedic Examination.
• Digital Radiographs (X-Ray).
• Computed Tomography Scan (CT). In more severe or surgical cases, these provide detailed information for surgical planning

• Medical Management
  • Weight management and exercise control: Reducing strain on developing joints can slow progression and minimise discomfort
  • Pain relief and joint supplements: May be used for pets showing discomfort or early signs of arthritis.
• Surgical Management 
  • Corrective osteotomy: The affected bone is surgically cut and realigned to restore proper limb function and alignment
  • External or internal fixation: Plates, screws, or external frames may be used to stabilise the bone as it heals in the correct position.